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Walmadjari (WA)
| Location | Desert plateau south of the Fitzroy and Christmas Creek valleys from Noonkanbah, n.n. ['Kunkadea], east to Cummins Range; south on the line of the Canning Stock Route to Well 47, n.n. ['Kardalapuru], west from there to about 124°50'E; southwesternmost water used is Ngokanitjardu (unidentified but near 124°50'E x 20°30'S; see reference to this term also under Mangala tribe). In the south by traveling along tribal boundaries they met the Wanman at Munggakulu (perhaps the Adverse Well on maps). Their western boundary ran due north to Mount Fenton. The known Karrage Well, n.n. ['Karakan] is the first water west beyond their territory in that of the Njikena. About four generations ago they usurped some former Konejandi territory, the open downs on the north side of Christmas Creek between Mellon Spring and Landrigan Cliffs. This is shown on the map as their boundary. The term Tjiwaling is used for this tribe mostly by western neighbors and is acceptable only to western members of the tribe; those in the east prefer Walmadjari or speak of themselves as belonging to the 'Wanaeka side' in contrast to those of the 'Tjiwaling side.' Only in dry times did they descend from the George Ranges ['Kalji:da] to get water in the Fitzroy River. Those who took over the former Konejandi area are called Ngainan. Their main water was south of Fitzroy Crossing at ['Tjandu], a billabong, not located; this group traveled in the desert region southwest of Christmas Creek. The easternmost horde mixed with the Nabijangkadjara hordes of the Kokatja and traveled to Billiluna Station and the vicinity of Gregory Lake. They also went south to Koninara (Godfrey Tank). Indications are that formerly their territory extended south to ['Kuljai], Canning Stock Route, Well 42, but the Nangatara had moved in there at least two generations ago. Only Walmadjari men taken on journeys during their initiation had ever been there. C. Berndt (1965:13) implies this is a tribe of the west-central Northern Territory. Her data is based on displaced persons transported by Europeans. |
Co-ordinates | 125°45'E x 19°25'S |
Area | 15,000 sq. m. (39,000 sq. km.) |
References | Mathews, 1900 (Gr. 6447), 1901 (Gr. 6549); Elkin, 1933; Kaberry, 1937, 1939; Worms, 1940, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1954, MS; Capell, 1940, 1952, 1956; Berndt, 1950, 1959, 1964; Petri, 1950, 1955; Tindale, 1953 MS, 1956; Birdsell, 1954 MS; Meggitt, 1955; Australian Encyclopedia, 1958; C. Berndt, 1965. |
Alternative Names | Walmajari (valid eastern pronunciation), Walmadjeri, Walmade're, Wolmadjari, Walmajeri, Wolmaijari, Wulumari, Wolmeri, Wolmera, Walmaharri, Walmaharry, Wolmaharry, Waringari Pundur ('cannibal men' name given by Kokatja), Walmajai (Njikena pronunciation), Wulumarai, Wanmadjari, Tjiwaling (Mangala name), Djualin, Tjiwali, Tjiwalindja, Djiwalinja, Djuwali, Djiwalinj, Ngadjukura (language name), Pitangu (derogatory Kokatja name), Wanaeka, Waneiga, Ngainan (Birdsell in 1954 obtained this from measured natives nos. R1535 and R1541 of Christmas Creek as name of 'light Walmadjari' who were said to belong to an area halfway between Christmas Creek and Billiluna), Nganang, Warmala (general term applied to several Western Desert tribes). |
This information is reproduced from NB Tindale's Aboriginal Tribes of Australia (1974). Please be aware that much of the data relating to Aboriginal language group distribution and definition has undergone revision since 1974. Please note also that this catalogue represents Tindale's attempt to depict Aboriginal tribal distribution at the time of European contact. |
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Series AA338/01 - Bound volumes of expedition and office journals, notes and compilations
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Identifier AA 338/1/19/1
Date 18 October 1952 - 15 July 1953, 1933, 1952-56, 1964-65, 1974-75, 1977-78, 1980, 1982, 1985-1987
Quantity 6.5 cm, 1 buckram bound volume, 22.0x27.0cm, 703 pages with 5 loose items and 16 inserts
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Identifier AA 338/1/19/2
Date 15 July 1953 - 30 October 1953, 1953-55, 1 Oct 1958, 1961, 1964-65, 1979, 1981-82
Quantity 5 cm, 1 buckram bound volume, 22.1x26.8 cm,
Series AA338/07 - Index cards relating to language research
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Identifier AA 338/7/2/58
Date 1938 - c. 1958
Quantity 15.4 cm, 1 metal filing drawer, approx. 29 cm of cards
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Identifier AA 338/7/2/59
Date 1938 - c. 1958
Quantity 15.4 cm, 1 metal filing drawer, approx. 24 cm of cards
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Identifier AA 338/7/2/60
Date 1938 - c. 1958
Quantity 15.4 cm, 1 metal filing drawer, approx. 29.5 cm of cards
Series AA338/15 - Maps - Expeditions, field work and personal research (not including South East of South Australia)
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Identifier AA 338/15/84
Date 1953 - 1954, dates in annotation; map printed 1920
Quantity 1 map, 68.0x100.5 cm
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Identifier AA 338/15/85
Date 1953, date in annotation; map printed 1920
Quantity 1 map, 62.0x90.0 cm
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Identifier AA 338/15/102
Date 1954 - 1959, dates in annotations; map printed 1949
Quantity 1 map, 55.0x78.5 cm
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Identifier AA 338/15/106
Date 1953 - 1964, dates in annotations; map printed 1945
Quantity 1 map, 55.0x75.0 cm
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Identifier AA 338/15/107
Date 1953 - 1964, dates in annotations; map printed 1945
Quantity 1 map, 54.5x75.0 cm
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Identifier AA 338/15/120
Date 1953, date in annotation; map printed 1945
Quantity 1 map, 76.0x97.5 cm
Series AA338/18 - Maps - 'World Aeronautical Chart series'
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Identifier AA 338/18/14
Date 1958 - c. 1974, from date of printing through approximate period map was used
Quantity 1 map, 51.5x76.5 cm
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Identifier AA 338/18/15
Date 1965 - c. 1974, from date of printing through approximate period map was used
Quantity 1 map, 51.5x76.5 cm
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Identifier AA 338/18/17
Date 1931 - 1976, date range of annotations; map printed 1958
Quantity 1 map, 51.5x76.5 cm
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Identifier AA 338/18/18
Date 1967 - c. 1974, from date of printing through approximate period map was used
Quantity 1 map, 51.5x76.5 cm
Series AA338/26 - 'Manuscript Documents on Tribes'
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Identifier AA 338/26/15
Date 30 July 1954
Quantity 1 page
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Identifier AA 338/26/20
Date 1957? - 1959?
Quantity 1 page, 2 maps
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Identifier AA 338/26/23/1-3
Date 24 December 1959
Quantity 3 pages
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Identifier AA 338/26/27/1-2
Date 1964
Quantity 2 maps
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Identifier AA 338/26/55/1-3
Date 3 March 1982
Quantity 3 pages
Series AA338/41 - Australian Anthropology - Slides Volume 14
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Identifier AA 338/41/55
Date 8 October 1953
Quantity 1 35mm colour slide
Series AA338/42 - Australian Anthropology - Slides Volume 15
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Identifier AA 338/42/151
Date 10 October 1953
Quantity 1 35mm colour slide
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Series AA346/04 - Sociological, Anthropological, Vital Statistics and ACER data recorded onto cards by Board for Anthropological Research expedition members, 1923-1963.
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Identifier AA 346/4/22
Date 2 December 1952 - 7 August 1954
Quantity 176 cm, 4 card series; cards 20.5 x 12.7 cm
Series AA346/21 - Crayon drawings relating to the University of California Los Angeles expedition to Western Australia, 1953.
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Identifier AA 346/21/2/127
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/21/2/128
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/21/2/129
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/21/2/130
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/21/2/131
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
Series AA346/22 - Crayon drawings of 'native maps' relating to the University of California Los Angeles expedition to Western Australia, 1953-1954.
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Identifier AA 346/22/1
Date 28 August 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/10
Date 14 July 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/11
Date 25 July 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/13
Date 11 September 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/15
Date 11 September 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/15
Date 11 September 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/16
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/26
Date August 1954
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/31
Date 30 July 1954
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/36
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/40
Date 29 August 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/43
Date 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/44
Date 30 May 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/45
Date 30 May 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/46
Date 11 June 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/49
Date 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/52
Date 15 May 1953 - 15 May 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/54
Date 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/74
Date 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/95
Date 24 July 1953 - 24 July 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/98
Date 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/102
Date 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/103
Date 27 Aug 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/104
Date 28 August 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/104
Date 28 August 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/105
Date 8 October 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/106
Date August 1954
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/107
Date 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/108
Date 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/112
Date 1 June 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/113
Date 23 May 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/115
Date 16 August 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Series AA689/01 - Bound volumes of expedition journals, notes, anthropometric and morphometric data on Australian and foreign collections and blood grouping data.
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Identifier AA 689/1/6
Date c. 1952 - c. 1954, Date of related expedition, dates of annotation unknown
Quantity 0.6 cm, 1 Faded blue hard-bound notebook with gray binding, 46pp., 31x20 cm
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Identifier AA 689/1/7/2
Date c. 1952 - c. 1954, Date of related expedition, dates of annotation unknown
Quantity 0.8 cm, 1 Faded blue hard-bound notebook with red binding, 44pp., 31.8x20.2 cm
Series AA689/02 - Bound volumes, notebooks and loose pages of genealogies and related data recorded while on the Harvard and Adelaide Universities expedition, 1938-1939, and University of California Los Angeles Expedition, 1952-1954.
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Identifier AA 689/2/9
Date 1938 - 1974, Dates of annotation
Quantity 1 cm, 1 Black spiral hard-bound notebook, 35pp., 24x19 cm
Series AA689/09 - Anthropometric data cards from Board for Anthropological Research expeditions and cranial data cards recorded at numerous institutions
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Identifier AA 689/9/17
Date 1952 - 1954, dates in annotations
Quantity 64 cm, 3 Albox boxes and one black folder with index
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