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Njamal (WA)
| Location | On the Coongan and Shaw rivers to their headwaters and on the lower reaches of the de Grey River west of Barramine almost to Mulyie and Wodgina; at Marble Bar, Nullagine, Hillside, Bamboo Springs, and Warrawoona. They claim access to the sea on a narrow strip following the Tabba Tabba Creek through Strelley and Pippingarra; the coastal hordes are called the ['Bidu 'Njamal]. Njamal also inhabit the headwaters of the Yule and Turner rivers east of Wodjina. They are the ['Pundju ] or 'heavy' speakers of Njamal. The area west of the Shaw River divide represents a late precontact territorial gain by the Njamal at expense of Kariara and Indjibandi. These western coastal plain dwellers are also called the ['Tjingkai 'Njamal]; those on the uplands eastward to Bamboo Springs are the ['Jabiru ('Jaburu) 'Njamal], while the hordes on the Nullagina River between Nullagine and Meentheena on the east and north to Callawa are distinguished as the ['Widagari] (they speak 'light' Njamal), and consider themselves as only 'half Njamal.' The Njamal circumcise but make only a token subincision of the glans sufficient to be regarded as 'men' by the invading peoples from the east. Physically, the Njamal, like some other western coastal tribes, tend to be heavily built, more like the classic Murrayians of southeastern Australia than the people of the Western Desert. Color Plate 30 is relevant. |
Co-ordinates | 120°0'E x 21°10'S |
Area | 16,300 sq. m. (42,400 sq. km.) |
References | Barlee in Curr, 1886; Harper in Curr, 1886; Mathews, 1900 (Gr. 6506); Withnell, 1901; Clement, 1903; Brown, 1912, 1913; Bates, 1914; Connelly, 1932; Davidson, 1938; Tindale, 1940, 1953 MS; Worms, 1954; Petri, 1956, 1960; Fink, 1957 MS; Berndt, 1959, 1964; Davidson and McCarthy, 1957; Brandenstein, 1965 MS. |
Alternative Names | Nyamal, Nyamel, N'amal, Njalmal (probably a draftsman's error), Namal, Namel, Gnamo (in Leiden Museum MS), Tjingkai Njamal (hordes near Strelley River), Ibarga (upper Oakover River hordes), Ibarrga, Ibargo, Njamat (an Indjibandi version of name), Wanbarda (Njangamarda name for this, the Ngarla and the Kariara tribe, it means 'lowlands people'), Widagari (the southeastern hordes of Njamal), Widagaree, Wirdakarri, Weedokarry, Weedookary, Pundju Njamal ('heavy' speakers of Njamal), Pundu N'amal. |
This information is reproduced from NB Tindale's Aboriginal Tribes of Australia (1974). Please be aware that much of the data relating to Aboriginal language group distribution and definition has undergone revision since 1974. Please note also that this catalogue represents Tindale's attempt to depict Aboriginal tribal distribution at the time of European contact. |
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Series AA338/01 - Bound volumes of expedition and office journals, notes and compilations
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Identifier AA 338/1/19/1
Date 18 October 1952 - 15 July 1953, 1933, 1952-56, 1964-65, 1974-75, 1977-78, 1980, 1982, 1985-1987
Quantity 6.5 cm, 1 buckram bound volume, 22.0x27.0cm, 703 pages with 5 loose items and 16 inserts
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Identifier AA 338/1/19/3
Date 1952 - 1954, 1969, 1977, 1979, 1980, 1982
Quantity 4.7 cm, 1 buckram bound volume, 23.0x26.4cm, 538 pages, 4 inserts and 2 loose items
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Identifier AA 338/1/27
Date 15 March 1966 - c. 21 April 1966, 6 March 1966 - 6 August 1968 (with gaps), 27 February 1970, 31 August 1984, c1987
Quantity 4.7 cm, 1 buckram bound volume, 22.0x26.4cm, 559 pages with 12 inserts and 4 loose items in an envelope
Series AA338/07 - Index cards relating to language research
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Identifier AA 338/7/2/58
Date 1938 - c. 1958
Quantity 15.4 cm, 1 metal filing drawer, approx. 29 cm of cards
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Identifier AA 338/7/2/59
Date 1938 - c. 1958
Quantity 15.4 cm, 1 metal filing drawer, approx. 24 cm of cards
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Identifier AA 338/7/2/60
Date 1938 - c. 1958
Quantity 15.4 cm, 1 metal filing drawer, approx. 29.5 cm of cards
Series AA338/15 - Maps - Expeditions, field work and personal research (not including South East of South Australia)
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Identifier AA 338/15/105
Date 1953, date in annotation on related map 338/15/104. Map printed 1950
Quantity 1 map, 54.5x78.0 cm
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Identifier AA 338/15/117
Date 1953, date in annotation; map printed 1948
Quantity 1 map, 67.0x93.5 cm
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Identifier AA 338/15/118
Date 1953, date in annotation; map printed 1948
Quantity 1 map, 74.5x96.0 cm
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Identifier AA 338/15/166
Date 1966, date in annotation; map compiled 1965
Quantity 1 map, 35.5x44.0 cm
Series AA338/18 - Maps - 'World Aeronautical Chart series'
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Identifier AA 338/18/16
Date 1966 - c. 1974, from date of printing through approximate period map was used
Quantity 1 map, 51.5x76.5 cm
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Identifier AA 338/18/17
Date 1931 - 1976, date range of annotations; map printed 1958
Quantity 1 map, 51.5x76.5 cm
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Identifier AA 338/18/18
Date 1967 - c. 1974, from date of printing through approximate period map was used
Quantity 1 map, 51.5x76.5 cm
Series AA338/26 - 'Manuscript Documents on Tribes'
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Identifier AA 338/26/20
Date 1957? - 1959?
Quantity 1 page, 2 maps
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Identifier AA 338/26/23/1-3
Date 24 December 1959
Quantity 3 pages
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Identifier AA 338/26/27/1-2
Date 1964
Quantity 2 maps
Series AA338/39 - Australian Anthropology - Slides Volume 12
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Identifier AA 338/39/249
Date 29 April 1953
Quantity 1 35mm colour slide
Series AA338/42 - Australian Anthropology - Slides Volume 15
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Identifier AA 338/42/125
Date 23 May 1953
Quantity 1 35mm colour slide
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Identifier AA 338/42/135
Quantity 1 35mm colour slide
Series AA338/43 - Australian Anthropology - Slides Volume 16
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Identifier AA 338/43/349
Date 23 May 1953
Quantity 1 35mm colour slide
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Series AA346/04 - Sociological, Anthropological, Vital Statistics and ACER data recorded onto cards by Board for Anthropological Research expedition members, 1923-1963.
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Identifier AA 346/4/22
Date 2 December 1952 - 7 August 1954
Quantity 176 cm, 4 card series; cards 20.5 x 12.7 cm
Series AA346/21 - Crayon drawings relating to the University of California Los Angeles expedition to Western Australia, 1953.
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Identifier AA 346/21/2/110
Date 1 June 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/21/2/133
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/21/2/134
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/21/2/135
Date 27 May 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/21/2/136
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/21/2/187
Date 29 May 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing 36x53.5 cm
Series AA346/22 - Crayon drawings of 'native maps' relating to the University of California Los Angeles expedition to Western Australia, 1953-1954.
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Identifier AA 346/22/9
Date 27 June 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/35
Date 26 May 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/42
Date 23 May 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/74
Date 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/78
Date 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/84
Date 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Identifier AA 346/22/94
Date 15 June 1953 - 15 June 1953
Quantity 0.1 cm, 1 crayon drawing, 36x53.5 cm
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Series AA689/01 - Bound volumes of expedition journals, notes, anthropometric and morphometric data on Australian and foreign collections and blood grouping data.
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Identifier AA 689/1/6
Date c. 1952 - c. 1954, Date of related expedition, dates of annotation unknown
Quantity 0.6 cm, 1 Faded blue hard-bound notebook with gray binding, 46pp., 31x20 cm
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Identifier AA 689/1/7/1
Date c. 1952 - c. 1954, Date of related expedition, dates of annotation unknown
Quantity 0.8 cm, 1 Faded blue hard-bound notebook with red binding, 44pp., 31.8x20.2 cm
Series AA689/09 - Anthropometric data cards from Board for Anthropological Research expeditions and cranial data cards recorded at numerous institutions
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Identifier AA 689/9/17
Date 1952 - 1954, dates in annotations
Quantity 64 cm, 3 Albox boxes and one black folder with index
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